We don’t hear much about Bougainville, an island struggling to win independence from Papua New Guinea, which itself won independence from Australia in 1975. The opening of a giant copper mine in 1972 led to a doubling of the population from 80,000 to 180,000 and had severe social and environmental consequences. In 1988 the Bougainville Revolution Army launched an uprising that succeeded in closing the mine. 15,000 died before peace was negotiated in 2001, which included a promise of an independence referendum by 2020. This imovie was made by a student in my Nationalism class, Cassie Garvin.